Birth Characteristics of Different Ocular Congenital Abnormalities in Hungary

Abstract

Aims: The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence at birth of different ocular congenital abnormalities and to describe their birth characteristics in Hungary. Methods: Two data sets were evaluated: the national-based Hungarian Congenital Abnormality Registry and the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities which include cases with ocular abnormalities and patient controls with other (non-ocular) congenital abnormalities, and population controls without abnormalities from the National Birth Registry. Results: Seven hundred twelve cases were found with ocular abnormalities in the data set of the Hungarian Congenital Abnormality Registry (2.62 per 10,000 live births), while that of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities included 314 cases with ocular defects among 2.7 million live births in Hungary between 1980 and 2002. There was an obvious underascertainment and/or notification of cases with ocular defects because an extra effort to ascertain all cases with ocular abnormalities resulted in a birth prevalence of 6.31 per 10,000 live births in 1999. The main birth characteristics of cases were male excess, shorter mean gestational age and smaller mean birth weight with a larger proportion of preterm birth and low birthweight. Conclusions: Earlier diagnosis of ocular abnormalities is necessary with a more complete notification of these cases to the Hungarian Congenital Abnormality Registry. The birth characteristics of cases with ocular abnormalities may have some associations with the origin of ocular defects; therefore, these variables will require further studies in case-control approach.