Abstract
Dekinda Forest Reserve, located close to the historic town of Balana,Sri Lanka (7°16’N, 80°29’E, 525-585m above sea level) consists of rainforest plant species spanning an area of about 40 ha. The forest has been maintained since the colonial times as a watershed reserve for nearby plantations, most of which comprised tea and paddy. The objective of the present study was to measure the avifaunal diversity in Dekinda Forest Reserve, as an indicator of its overall biodiversity, and compare it with those of nearby home gardens. The study was conducted from March to June, 2012. Point counts with unlimited distance were used in conjunction with Distance© software (Release 6) to document the abundance and density of bird species. Peak counting hours were between 0600-0900 h and 1600-1830 h. Counts were made weekly. Despite its small size, the forest reserve is home to 58 bird species. Among the notable species, therewere six endemic species, namely, the Sri Lanka wood pigeon (Columba torringtoni) (estimated density 8/km2), Layard’s parakeet (Psittacula calthorpae) (19/km2), Sri Lanka lorikeet (Loriculus beryllinus) (70/km2), yellow-fronted barbet (Megalaima flavifrons) (79/km2), Sri Lanka scimitar babbler (Pomatorhinus melanurus) (11/km2), and brown-capped babbler (Pellorneum fuscocapillus) (10/km2). In addition, four proposed endemic species were also recorded. Given the importance of this forest as a watershed area and the large number of bird species it supports, Dekinda Forest Reserve is clearly an important site for biodiversity conservation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/cjsbs.v43i1.7283 Ceylon Journal of Science (Bio. Sci.) 43(1): 137-146, 2014
Highlights
Studies on bird assemblages have contributed significantly to the advancement of science in the field of community ecology (Wiens, 1989a, Wiens, 1989b)
Comparative avifaunal diversity is an excellent indicator of ecosystem stability because birds respond quickly to changes in their environments (Miller and Spoolman, 2009)
The forest has an area of about 40 ha. It is bordered by tea plantations and home gardens of mixed plant species
Summary
Studies on bird assemblages have contributed significantly to the advancement of science in the field of community ecology (Wiens, 1989a, Wiens, 1989b). Comparative avifaunal diversity is an excellent indicator of ecosystem stability because birds respond quickly to changes in their environments (Miller and Spoolman, 2009). Birds are relatively easy to observe and monitor. The concept of ‘using birds as indicators for recognizing land ecosystems rich in biological diversity’ has been gained a wide global acceptance (O'Connell et al, 2000; FOGSL, 2003; Niemi and McDonald, 2004, Schulze et al, 2004). Cantebury et al(2000) showed that bird populations and associated habitats (habitat assemblages) appeared to be useful tools in environmental monitoring and, the individual species abundance was positively correlated with assemblage species richness. The assemblage members showed consistent responses to variations in disturbance levels.
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