Bird diversity and guild composition in five urban parks of DKI Jakarta

Abstract

Green open spaces in the cities are expected to improve overall biodiversity in urban area. Birds are known as an indicator of biodiversity. Guild as ecological group is considered more practical than species diversity in representing a community structure. This study aimed at examining bird diversity and guild composition in five urban parks in DKI Jakarta. The study was conducted from April to May 2023. Data was collected in Cagar Buah Condet, Taman Tebet Eco Park, Hutan Kota Monas, Hutan Kota Srengseng and Taman Hutan Kota Penjaringan. Birds were surveyed using point count method while vegetation data was collected using plots. Bird and vegetation diversity was calculated using Shannon-Wiener Index (H’), while guilds are categorized using a priori method. Data was analysed using descriptive method. There was a total of 38 bird species from 26 families and 6 feeding guilds. Guild composition consisted of insectivores (42.1%), frugivores (18.4%), granivores (13.2%), piscivores (13.2%), omnivores (7.9%), and nectarivores (5.3%). Despite having lowest bird diversity, Hutan Kota Srengseng (H’= 1.944) was used by all feeding guilds. Hutan Kota Monas have highest bird diversity(H’=2.603). Tree diversity was highest in Hutan Kota Monas (H’= 2.843) and the lowest was in Cagar Buah Condet (H’=1.467).