Birch and Benkeser Reductions

Abstract

Oxidation and reduction are two important transformations in organic chemistry. Although several oxidation and reduction reactions are studied in practical organic chemistry, Birch reduction as an experiment, is generally avoided. It is rather taught in theory sessions only. There are certain practical difficulties and hazards associated with these experiments. Benkeser reduction, however, is a safer variant of Birch reduction which can be performed by students under the supervision of a teacher. Foregoing text is a comparative account between Birch and Benkeser reductions. Additionally, it also provides an experimental procedure to prepare electride salt solutions which can be employed for a variety of reductions.