Bipolar Disorder and Antidepressant Associated Hypomania

Abstract

The impact of antidepressant associated hypomania on monomanic depression and its relationship to bipolar disorder. This review attempts to investigate and review current research on bipolar disorder diagnosis, the neurobiological mechanisms of antidepressant-associated hypomania, risk factors, and how to manage the occurrence of this condition. Bipolar disorder is a widespread, debilitating, recurrent, variable-severity mental health condition in which the patient exhibits two different states and unpredictable mood switching. Mania, hypomania, mixed states, depression, and depression interspersed with moments of relative health are the stages of the disorder. Early identification of bipolar disorder can improve prognosis. Patients with monophasic episodes are uncommon, as the clinical manifestation of bipolar illness is unpredictable. Throughout their lives, individuals with bipolar disorder alternate between episodes of mania or hypomania and depression. Depressive episodes in bipolar disorder are referred to as bipolar depression, and the underlying core symptom is depressed mood, which are essentially identical to the diagnostic criteria and clinical symptoms of uniphasic depression, so there is a high risk of misdiagnosis during the initial visit. Patients often choose to seek specialist help during depressive episodes, and this can lead to a tendency to overlook whether a patient has bipolar disorder. Antidepressant monotherapy is contraindicated for hypomanic episodes. Antidepressants tend to induce hypomanic and manic episodes, a phenomenon known as antidepressant-associated hypomania (AAH). All antidepressant drugs may cause mania. One is drug induced mania; The other is considered a potential bipolar disorder. There is a high co-occurrence of psychiatric disorders, but only bipolar disorder, monophasic depression, and antidepressant-induced hypomanic episodes are discussed here.