Biplot investigation for essential oil yield and chemical compositions under the Deccan Plateau region of southern India in cultivars of Java citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt)

Abstract

The aromatic grass Java Citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt) belongs to the Poaceae family. Citronella essential oil is used to extract the aroma chemicals geraniol and citronellal, which can then be converted into citronellol, hydroxy citronellol, synthetic menthol, and geraniol esters. In the Deccan Plateau region of southern India, farmers have a tough time determining which kind would produce high-quality essential oil. As a result, the goal of this study was to evaluate five java citronella cultivars in the Deccan Plateau region of south India and choose the best variety (or varieties) for large-scale production in the Deccan Plateau region. For evaluation, scientists from CSIR-CIMAP, RC, Hyderabad, India, used a three-time replicated randomized complete block design with a plot size of 3.0 m2 from 2017 to 2018 and 2018–2019. In Java citronella Java I, Jc-5 was the most stable and high-yielding genotype, though Jc-3 >Jc-2 >Jc-1 in the order performed better in Java citronella Java II type. This is due to the high stability/strong consistency across the years. Based on average performance and stability for higher-quality essential oil yield, these Java citronella genotypes are recommended for large-scale cultivation in the Deccan Plateau region of southern India.