Biparametric Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version2 and International Society of Urological Pathology Grade Predict Biochemical Recurrence after RadicalProstatectomy.

Abstract

We retrospectively assessed the clinical significance of the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS), version 2, criteria based on biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (bp-MRI), together with the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade, for predicting biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy. The data from 126 patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The prognostic significance of the PI-RADS v2 score based on bp-MRI was assessed with other clinical factors, including the ISUP grade. We defined a positive PI-RADS and ISUP score as≥ 4 and≥ 3, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazard models, logistic regression analysis, and the Kaplan-Meier method. The median age and median prostate-specific antigen level were 66 years and 7.96 ng/mL, respectively. The number of positive PI-RADS scores was 106 (84.1%) and the number of positive ISUP grade scores was 71 (56.3%). PI-RADS≥ 4 (P= .0031) and ISUP≥ 3 (P= .070) were the 2 independent prognostic factors predictive of BCR. A positive PI-RADS score was related to tumor volume (P= .014), and a positive ISUP score was related to prostate-specific antigen level (P= .043), extraprostatic extension (P= .029), and Gleason upgrading (P< .0001). After stratifying patients into risk groups according to PI-RADS and ISUP positivity, the poor-risk group (PI-RADS and ISUP grade positive) showed significantly worse BCR-free survival compared with that of the favorable- and intermediate-risk groups (P< .0001), with a median survival difference of 21 months. Biparametric PI-RADS v2 and ISUP grade criteria predicted for BCR after radical prostatectomy. PI-RADS v2 combined with the ISUP grade might be helpful in choosing the treatment modality of patients with localized prostate cancer.