Abstract
Textile dyes such as malachite green are common contaminants in wastewater which are persistent in environment and also toxic to living organisms. In this study, live, growing cells of our patented bacterial strain, Bacillus cereus M116 – were used for bioremediation of one representative textile dye, malachite green – first in batch process to standardize the environmental parameters for optimum bioremediation – then bioremediation of the representative dye from synthetic dye solution along with subsequent COD removal in aerated stirred tank, using activated sludge system (containing B. cereus M116, as dominant species) – under standardized conditions from batch process. Finally, the optimized activated sludge system was applied for bioremediation of dye and COD removal from simulated textile effluent. The batch experiments provided the benchmark information regarding the environmental parameters that could influence the bioremediation of malachite green viz., pH 7.0, 2% (v v−1) of inoculum, most effective initial dye concentration of 50 mg L−1, minimum contact time of 20 h and incubation conditions – 30 °C, under shaking 120 rpm. The activated sludge system was acclimatized with cultured B. cereus M116 broth (cell concentration 1.6 g L−1). Bioremediation of dye was carried out following acclimatization (average MLSS in the range 3520–4020 mg L−1). In the activated sludge system, a maximum of 96% dye removal and 79% COD removal were recorded at 50 mg L−1 influent dye concentration and 0.014 h−1 dilution rate which provided a hydraulic retention time of 72 h. The studied activated sludge system was also found efficient in bioremediation of malachite green (96%) from simulated textile effluent along with removal of COD. Thus, activated sludge system can be utilized as a cheap and efficient method of bioremediation for continuous treatment of large-scale wastewaters.
Published Version
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