Abstract
Roxarsone is a common organoarsenic feed additive used in livestock and poultry breeding, while the ecotoxicity of organic arsenic remains a concern. Therefore, the effects of roxarsone on the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process and responding mechanism were investigated in this study. The minimum nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of anammox process was 64.0% under roxarsone stress. Meanwhile, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content increased by 1.5–2.3 times, and electron transport system activity (ETSA) decreased by 22.9±5.0%. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level first increased and then decreased, resulting in an imbalance between ROS production and antioxidant defense. The copy numbers of arsenic resistance genes significantly increased, indicating that roxarsone was transformed in the anammox system. Co-occurrence networks manifested that arsenic resistance genes were significantly positively correlated with dominant genera. The detoxification mediated by biotransformation mitigated the toxicity of roxarsone and the side effects of oxidative stress. This work provides insights into the response and mechanism of anammox consortia to roxarsone and promotes the efficient treatment of wastewater containing organic arsenic by the anammox process.
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