Abstract
The prospect of the use of microorganisms in medical and veterinary practice at the present stage of scientific development has high potential based on natural mechanisms of protection and adaptation of organisms to the effects of adverse factors. The biological adaptation potential of microorganisms to the effects of heavy metals found its practical application in studies of soil and water bioremediation. Based on the above, we set the aim to assess inhibitory characteristics of various heavy metal compounds, the extent of their impact on the growth of populations of probiotic strains Bacillus subtilis, and to study biosorption criteria of the strains. To achieve this aim, we used isolated cultures of probiotic strains B. subtilis 534 and B. subtilis 10641 extracted from drugs Sporobacterin and Vetom 1.1, respectively. Various chemical compounds of iron, copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead with a various anion component were used as growth inhibitors in the study. The criterion for the selection of compounds was a high level of their dissociation in water solutions. Data presented in this work experimentally confirm the capability of using probiotic strains in ecosystems of biological origin. A comparison of two strains of Bacillus subtilis showed a high level of resistance to xenobiotic elements with strain differences in the studied microorganism. The B. subtilis 534 strain revealed a higher level of resistance to compounds with a direct correlation between the inhibitory characteristics of the elements and the level of element sorption from the nutrient substrate.
Highlights
Industrial activity has led to large-scale pollution of the environment with toxic heavy metals and radionuclides
The solution to the aim was based on the implication of a number of methodical approaches related to the evaluation of inhibitory characteristics of elements, the degree of influence of elements on the growth of probiotic strains, and the study of sorption characteristics of microorganisms
The obtained experimental data show a high level of sorption characteristics of the studied strains of microorganism B. subtilis with revealing common species and strain distinctions of representatives of this species
Summary
Industrial activity has led to large-scale pollution of the environment with toxic heavy metals and radionuclides. Chemical approaches are available to restore metals, but they are often expensive to use and do not have the specificity necessary to process target metals against the background of competing ions Such approaches are not applicable to the cost-effective recovery of large-scale underground pollution on the spot [1, 2]. Biological approaches offer the potential for highly selective removal of toxic metals combined with considerable operational flexibility; they can be used both in situ and ex situ in different bioreactor configurations Many of these processes utilize microorganisms, which play a key role in the biogeochemical cycle of toxic metals and radionuclides [3, 4]. Systems encoded by plasmids usually interact with the mechanism of the outflow of toxic ions [5]
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