Biotical cycle in single-crop sowing and mixed agrophytocenosis of forage crops

Aida Tamahina,Urfa Turan Ogly Turabov,R.Z Abdulkhalikov

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202126204006

Aida Tamahina, Urfa Turan Ogly Turabov + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126204006

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Abstract

The biotic cycle is based on the assessment of chemical elements in the production, degradation processes, during the deposition and resynthesis of organic compounds. The biotic cycle of agrophytocenoses, in contrast to natural ecosystems, is characterized by a significant imbalance of macro- and microelements. One way of solving this problem is to approximate the composition and structure of agrophytocenoses to natural plant communities. The objective of the research was to investigate the biotic cycle of elements in single- and mixed-seeded crops of Galega orientalis Lam., Inula helenium L., Symphytum asperum Lepech., urtica dioica L. The research was conducted in the mountainous zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in 2015-2019 on grey forest soil. In mixed agrophytocenoses, the biotic balance becomes less negative compared to monoculture crops. The excess of consumption over the return of N, Ca, K, P to the soil averaged 3.96; 40.94; 334.02; 9.46 kg/ha, respectively, over 5 years. The inclusion of Galega orientalis in a mixture with nonlegurninous forage grasses increased the soil cultivation index from 0.87 to 0.90. The results show the high potential of a polyculture system based on the combined cultivation of legumes and non-legumes in increasing the sustainability of farming.

Highlights

The biotic cycle is based on the assessment of chemical elements in the production, degradation processes, during the deposition and resynthesis of organic compounds
The results show an increase in the biotic cycling of chemical elements in mixed agrophytocenoses compared to single-species crops of Galega orientalis, Inula helenium, Symphytum asperum and Urtica dioica
In the biotic cycle of agrophytocenoses there is a significant imbalance of macroand microelements

Summary

Introduction

The biotic cycle is based on the assessment of chemical elements in the production, degradation processes, during the deposition and resynthesis of organic compounds. The nitrogen cycle, being the most complex of the element cycles, has its own microbiological cycle of transfer from the atmosphere to the soil, transformation from organic to mineral forms, and release from the soil to the atmosphere. There are 3 sub-cycles of nitrogen in herbaceous biogeocenoses: microbial with a turnover of 5-6 cycles per year, vegetative with a turnover of 1 year, and humus with a turnover of 400-500 years. Common nitrogen stocks in herbal biogeocenoses range from 4000 to 17000 kg/ha, with 96% of this amount in slightly mineralized organic matter, the remaining part is accumulated in mortmass, phytomass and in mineral form. If the ecosystem is in slow succession, a zero balance is established within one or two years [1]

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