Abstract
AbstractThe pathophysiology of ocular surface diseases is better understood today. Several targets have been identified for their treatment, and currently available biotherapies are already used in clinical practice for selected cases.In severe allergic diseases: Omalizumab (Xolair®) is a systemic anti‐IgE treatment that suppresses the allergic response. It has been successfully used in vernal and atopic keratoconjunctivitis Dupilumab (Dupixent®) is an anti‐IL4/IL13 systemic therapy indicated for severe atopic dermatitis. It has been used in atopic keratoconjunctivitis patients. It also has frequent ocular side effects such as conjunctivitis and blepharitis In severe dry eye: Lifitegrast (Xiidra®) is a LFA1 receptor inhibitor eye drop that prevents inflammatory cells to bind to the adhesion molecule ICAM 1. It has been approved in the US for the treatment of dry eye. The effects on symptoms seem to be superior to those of topical cyclosporine. In mucous membrane pemphigoid: Rituximab (Mabthera®) is a systemic anti CD20 antibody that targets B and pre‐B lymphocytes. It has shown very interesting results in severe cases.
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