Abstract
Fungi are organisms capable of synthesizing metabolites of industrial interest and the standardization of biomass production for the extraction of these compounds has biotechnological applications. The objective of this work was to optimize the in vitro cultivation process for fungi isolated from Pinus sp., standardizing the best conditions for the production of biomass, contributing to its large scale production. Therefore, the conditions of in vitro cultivation of the fungi Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia sp. and Suillus sp., were evaluated based on the maximum production of dry biomass (PBS), varying temperature, medium and cultivation time. The fungi were grown in glass flasks with liquid culture media, in a BOD chamber, without mechanical stirring. Potato-dextrose broth - PD broth (PD), Czapek - CZ broth (CZ) and Malt Extract - EM broth (EM) were evaluated at temperatures ranging from 8 to 32 ºC and incubation times from 7 to 35 days. PD broth showed better results for fungi B.cinerea and Rhizoctonia sp., when compared to CZ and EM broths, in PBS, while Suillus sp. showed better development in EM broth. The best growth temperature based on PBS was 12 ºC and 16 ºC, with 28 and 35 days of cultivation.
Highlights
Pinus is an exotic conifer that was brought to Brazil over a century ago
Botrytis cinerea was isolated from diseased seedlings of Pinus taeda collected in Guarapuava / PR; Rhizoctonia sp. was isolated from sick seedlings of a hybrid of Pinus caribaea Morelet var. caribaea x Pinus elliottii Engelm var. elliottii collected in Itapeva / SP; Suillus sp. was isolated from basidioma in P. elliottii var. elliottii in Colombo / PR
The PD medium determined the highest production of dry biomass (PBS) for B. cinerea and Rhizoctonia sp. (Figure 1) and for Suillus sp. the largest PBS was in the extrato de malte (EM) medium
Summary
Pinus is an exotic conifer that was brought to Brazil over a century ago. Experimentally, American species were introduced in 1948 due to their ease of cultivation. From the 1970s, plantations began to proliferate rapidly, in deforested areas, with high insolation, adapting to low fertility soils and resisting severe environmental conditions such as drought and frost (Shimizu, 2008) According to this author, the species of Pinus taeda L., P. elliottii Engel var. According to Hasan et al (2015), about 6,000 natural products were isolated from marine fungi, a promising source for obtaining antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, anti-yeasts, antitumors and anti-inflammatories. These authors reported the possibility of isolating chemical molecules from groups of secondary metabolites with recognized biological activity such as alkaloids, polyketides, terpenes, isoprenoid and non-isoprenoid compounds and quinones. The objective of this work was to standardize in vitro culture conditions for fungi isolated from Pinus, describing the best conditions for biomass production, being a standardization contribution to a large scale production process
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