Biotechnology in Mexico: placing science in the service of business

Abstract

Modern biotechnology—the application of in vitro techniques such as recombinant DNA, monoclonal antibodies, and tissue culture—is a relatively small endeavor in Mexico, at least by U.S. standards, but it is notable among newly industrialized countries. Unfortunately, despite the potential importance of biotechnology to Mexican industry in the fields of agriculture, food processing, environmental management, and pharmaceuticals, the nation has been unable to harness its scientific effort in the service of economic development. This article presents findings from a series of face-to-face interviews with over two dozen of Mexico's leaders in science, industry, and government regarding biotechnology. The study revealed the pattern of development of biotechnology in Mexico, the reasons behind the longstanding chasm behind science and industry, some hard-won lessons in attempts at commercializing the technology, and the seeds of change that have been accelerated by recent economic and political turmoil. It appears researchers and business people are becoming increasingly aware that the economic strides fostered by technological innovation require not only a scientific base, but its transfer to the marketplace. Strengthening the infrastructure that catalyzes the linkage remains Mexico's greatest challenge in reaping the benefits of biotechnology.