Biotechnological technique for improvement of ornamental crops

Abstract

Plant biotechnology plays an important role in mass production of improved crop varieties as well as their genetic improvement. It develops business processes and products, using recombinant DNA, gene transfer, embryo manipulation, plant regeneration, cell culture, monoclonal antibodies and bio-processed engineering, and biologically active substances such as food additives, dyes, pharmaceuticals, Helps in the production of bio-. Pesticides for the benefit of man and society. The development of techniques of molecular classification through RAPD and RFLP in genomic analysis and classification has opened up new options for germplasm characterization of ornamental plants such as roses, haptiolas, orchids, ornamental pods, anthurium, gerbera, gulgenvia and cut-offs. genetic engineering. Flowers (pink to white chrysanthemum) become easier. Transgenic plants are now available in haptiolus, petunia, rose, carnation, orchids, gerberas, etc. Bioreactor technology is the need of the hour which can cut the cost of production of plants. It is clear to develop new varieties produced by cross-hybridization, mutation breeding and reverse mutation or in combination through genetic mutations. Secondary metabolites from cell culture have been established for the synthesis of codine (Papaversomniferum), quinine (Cinchona liturgiana), pyrethrin (Crescentheim urn cineraphyrium), taxol (Taxisbactata), rutculin (Rata spans..) and bain and papain. Somatic embryogenesis is a powerful tool for the improvement of jewelery, not only in relation to the spread of clots, but also for other biotechnological applications. It has been successfully used in crop improvement, such as Enthurium, Alstroemeria, Hadiolus, Iris, Lilium etc. Artificial (encapsulated) seeds contain somatic embryos, which are covered with a protected gel, also known as somatic embryogenesis. Ovule culture is now applied in Freesia for the production of embryonic culture and interspecific hybrids in Alstroemeria, in Alstroemeria and Cyclamen. Thus, it is clear that the application of various strategies to biotechnological approaches offers immense opportunities for improvement in ornamental plants.