BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES IN INSECT PEST MANAGEMENT

Abstract

The global population is projected to reach almost 10 billion by 2050, demanding a 50% increase in agricultural production. In light of the increasing occurrence of pest and disease outbreaks, which jeopardize food security, it is crucial to adopt innovative approaches. Conventional approaches such as chemical pesticides have been found to be inadequate, prompting a shift towards biotechnology alternatives. Biotechnological interventions, such as gene transformation and genetic engineering, provide innovative approaches for controlling insect pests. The advancements in gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9, offer possibilities for managing insect pests. RNA interference (RNAi) methods, including double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), have demonstrated potential in specifically eliminating pest species while leaving non-target species. The gene-drive approach modifies the inheritance of specific genes, providing a potent tool for managing insect pests. The book chapter explores the diverse applications of biotechnology in insect pest management, covering gene editing, RNAi, and gene-drive technologies. It highlights successful cases of gene editing in various insect species, such as fruit flies and the migratory locust, and discusses the potential for CRISPR-Cas9 to modify plants for insect resistance. In summary, the incorporation of biotechnology in agriculture provides inventive remedies to tackle the difficulties presented by rising insect prevalence, thereby promoting sustainable and robust food supply for the growing global population.