Biotechnological and Ecological Potential of Micromonospora provocatoris sp. nov., a Gifted Strain Isolated from the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench.

Wael M Abdel-Mageed,Muneera S M Al-Saleem,Ali B Kusuma,Wasu Pathom-Aree,Burhan Lehri,Andrey V Karlyshev,Marcel Jaspars,Hariadi Soleh,Imen Nouioui,Lamya H Al-Wahaibi,Michael Goodfellow

doi:10.3390/md19050243

Abstract

A Micromonospora strain, isolate MT25T, was recovered from a sediment collected from the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench using a selective isolation procedure. The isolate produced two major metabolites, n-acetylglutaminyl glutamine amide and desferrioxamine B, the chemical structures of which were determined using 1D and 2D-NMR, including 1H-15N HSQC and 1H-15N HMBC 2D-NMR, as well as high resolution MS. A whole genome sequence of the strain showed the presence of ten natural product-biosynthetic gene clusters, including one responsible for the biosynthesis of desferrioxamine B. Whilst 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses showed that the isolate was most closely related to the type strain of Micromonospora chalcea, a whole genome sequence analysis revealed it to be most closely related to Micromonospora tulbaghiae 45142T. The two strains were distinguished using a combination of genomic and phenotypic features. Based on these data, it is proposed that strain MT25T (NCIMB 15245T, TISTR 2834T) be classified as Micromonospora provocatoris sp. nov. Analysis of the genome sequence of strain MT25T (genome size 6.1 Mbp) revealed genes predicted to responsible for its adaptation to extreme environmental conditions that prevail in deep-sea sediments.

Highlights

Novel filamentous actinobacteria isolated from marine sediments are a prolific source of new specialized metabolites [1,2,3], as examplified by the discovery of the abyssomicins, a new family of polyketides [4] produced by Micromonospora maris [5] and the proximicins, novel aminofuran antibiotics and anticancer compounds isolated from Micromonospora (Verrucosispora) fiedleri [6,7]
Micromonospora strain MT25T, an isolate recovered from sediment taken from the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean, was shown to be most closely related to the type strain M. tulbaghiae following a genome-based classification
Characterization of strain MT25T using a range of methods suggests that it belongs to a new Micromonospora species, which we name as Micromonospora provocatoris sp. nov

Summary

Introduction

Novel filamentous actinobacteria isolated from marine sediments are a prolific source of new specialized metabolites [1,2,3], as examplified by the discovery of the abyssomicins, a new family of polyketides [4] produced by Micromonospora (formerly Verrucosispora) maris [5] and the proximicins, novel aminofuran antibiotics and anticancer compounds isolated from Micromonospora (Verrucosispora) fiedleri [6,7]. Novel micromonosporae have large genomes (6.1–7.9 Mbp) which contain strain, species and clade specific biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) with the potential to express new bioactives [8,9,10] needed to counter multi-drug resistant pathogens [11]. These developments provide an objective way of prioritizing novel micromonosporae for genome mining and natural product discovery [8,9,10]. The genus typically contains aerobic to microaerophilic, Gram-positive, acid-fast-negative actinobacteria, which form single, nonmotile spores on an extensively branched substrate mycelium, lack aerial hyphae and produce either xylose or mannose or galactose and glucose as major sugars. Iso-C15:0 and iso-C16:0 are the predominant fatty acids, while the DNA G + C percentage ranges from 65% to 75% [5,8,16]

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Results

Conclusion