Biotechnological Advances in Sapindus sps.

Abstract

Plant tissue culture is an elementary and capable technique of biotechnology. Plant biotechnology started with the origin of plant tissue culture. Plant tissue culture also serves as a valuable tool to study the cell physiology and metabolism of plants and is applicable for the different innovative areas of applied plant science, plant biotechnology and agriculture. This technique has been successfully applied for large-scale propagation of plants, production of haploids and production of disease-resistant plants, inducing variability and conservation of germplasm of elite and genotype of plants in a very short time period. Plant tissue culture and genetic transformation methods offer an imperative option for effective and large multiplication and improvement of trees within a limited time frame. Biotechnology also deals the genetic engineering, molecular biology and metabolomics for the production of new useful products. Plant biotechnology has the ability to overcome the seasonal constraint for the development of any plant. Various techniques of plant biotechnology such as cell culture, suspension culture, hairy root culture, etc. also used for the scaling-up of production of secondary metabolites, and sometimes bioreactors also used for large-scale production of phytochemicals. Metabolic engineering deals with the enhancement of producing certain metabolites within the cell by optimizing the genetic and regulatory processes