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Abstract
A rising number of hospital infections were caused by multi drug resistant A.baumannii. This microorganism has become a big global concern for clinicians. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized TiO2 nanoparticles against biofilm producing multi drug resistant A. baumannii. Bacteria were isolated from burn wounds. The selected isolate was identified using the routine biochemical assays, viteck 2, and confirmed by PCR technique, targeting the 16S rRNA and blaOXA-51 genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using Viteck 2 system and the biofilm production was tested by using microtiter plate method. S marcescens was used for production of the prodigiosin which characterized later by UV-visible spectroscopy and then was used for biosynthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) NPs. Atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and field emission scanning electron microscopy were used for characterization of TiO2 NPs. Antimicrobial activity of TiO2 NPs was examined by well diffusion assay using concentration of 0.4- 0.006 mg/ml. The studied isolate was beta-lactamase producer and showed resistance to aminoglycosides, quinolones, furanes and trimethoprim/ sulphonamide, PCR amplification of 16S rRNA and blaOXA-51 genes was used for detection of A baumannii. The selected isolate was a strong biofilm producer with 5.9 times more than the OD values of the control. Atomic force microscopy images showed that the synthesized TiO2 NPs were in spherical shape with an average diameter of 67.49 nm. The TiO2 NPs inhibited the bacterial growth at concentrations of ≥ 0.1mg/ ml and a maximum zone of inhibition recorded was 22 mm at concentration of 0.4 mg/ ml. Biosynthesis of TiO2 NPs using prodigiosin was showed a promising antibacterial activity against strong biofilm producing MDR- A. baumannii.
Highlights
Nanotechnology is a neoteric industry which utilizes macro-molecular nano-scale material (1-100 nanometers) [1]
A. baumannii ATCC (19606) and Serratia marcescens strains supplied from biology department college of science, University of Sulaimani, KRG-Iraq, and used as a standard strain for molecular detection and for antibacterial activity and biosynthesis of TiO2 NPs
VITEK2 compact device incorporates many advantages that may be of clinical significance for routine bacterial identification such as easy technique rapid detection and high degree of automation
Summary
Nanotechnology is a neoteric industry which utilizes macro-molecular nano-scale material (1-100 nanometers) [1]. Several types of nanoparticles, varying in size, form, surface area and function, have been developed. Nanoparticles of metal and metal oxide are generally noticeable in combating microbial species because of their specific properties [2]. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles have attracted a lot of interest, in addition to approval by the United States Food and Drug Authority. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are potentially highly effective in biological field, medical field, environmental field, solar energy cells, photocatalysts, electrical electrodes, and gas sensors[3]. Various synthesis methods of TiO2 nanostructures are available, such as pysical method, chemical method, biological method and hybrid technique [4]. The biological methods have become the most environmentally sustainable and low cost approach compared to other methods [5]
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