Abstract
Natural product chemistry has played an active role in generating a significant number of drug candidate compounds for the drug-discovery program. For instance, taxol, one of the best-known anticancer agents was isolated from a Pacific yew tree, Taxus brevifolia. One of the major problems in the natural product-based drug-discovery program is the supply of potent bioactive natural products for clinical testing due to their low quantities. The synthesis of these compounds seems to be difficult due to their complex structures and the presence of chiral centers. This problem can be overcome by elucidating the biosynthesis of potent bioactive natural products. These studies can help to isolate and characterize key enzymes involved in the synthesis of these compounds in nature. These key enzymes can be cloned into a suitable vector to overexpress them to develop a biotechnological method for the production of bioactive natural products. In this chapter, the biosynthesis of biologically active homoisoflavonoids, alkaloids and terpenes has been discussed.
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