Biosynthesis of CeO2 Nanoparticles Using Egg White and Their Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Properties on Clinical Isolates

Shalendra Kumar,Nagih M Shaalan,Faheem Ahmed,Osama Saber

doi:10.3390/cryst11060584

Abstract

Bio-inspired synthesis is a novel and attractive environmentally friendly route to generating inorganic materials. In this work, the preparation of CeO2 NPs using egg white and investigation of their antibacterial properties both in liquid and solid growth medium against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were reported. The CeO2 nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission transmission electron microscope (FETEM), UV-Vis, Raman, and antibacterial measurements. The results from XRD and TEM analysis showed that the prepared nanoparticles were a single phase in the nano regime (5–7 nm) with spherical shape and uniform size distribution. Optical properties reflected the characteristics peaks of CeO2 in the UV-Vis range with a bandgap ~2.80 eV. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized NPs was achieved under ambient conditions with different bacteria and the results showed that the properties were different for both the bacteria. The highest activity with an inhibition zone of about 22 mm against S. aureus was obtained as compared with the 19 mm zone of inhibition obtained with E.coli. This finding will be of major significance that indicates a possibility to develop CeO2 NPs as antibacterial agents against extensive microorganisms to control and prevent the spread and persistence of bacterial infections.

Highlights

During the last few decades, there has been a significant advancement in the design of nanomaterials and their potential applications in multidisciplinary science [1]
By comparing the biological applications, Kargar’s work reported in vitro cytotoxicity effects; in our work, we have shown the potential of CeO2 nanoparticles as an effective antibacterial agent for both the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria
TEM micrographs confirmed the formation of spherical, and highly dispersed CeO2 NPs (~6.8 nm) with fcc structure

Summary

Introduction

During the last few decades, there has been a significant advancement in the design of nanomaterials and their potential applications in multidisciplinary science [1]. By comparing the biological applications, Kargar’s work reported in vitro cytotoxicity effects; in our work, we have shown the potential of CeO2 nanoparticles as an effective antibacterial agent for both the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria These groups demonstrated that the synthesis of CeO2 nanoparticles by utilizing food and bio-derived materials (i.e., EW) is cost-effective, simple, and environmentally friendly. This technique is an alternative route for the synthesis of nanoparticles in comparison to those obtained from conventional preparation method that uses hazardous material. The prepared CeO2 product was characterized by using XRD, FETEM, UV-Vis, Raman, and its antibacterial, and antibiofilm potential were identified This method will provide a simple and green route for biomaterials assisted synthesis of advanced functional materials for their use in biomedical applications. The nanoparticles were obtained when the crushed powder was put in a furnace for annealing in the air

Characterizations

Antibacterial Assessment

Conclusions