Abstract
This chapter presents the biosynthesis and transport of phosphatidylserine in the cell. Numerous biochemical differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms are well established. The two main pathways for phosphatidylserine synthesis are often described as characteristic for the two classes of living organisms. The Base Exchange reaction involving L-serine and phosphatidylethanolamine seems to be typical in eukaryotes. In bacteria, considerable progress has been made toward understanding the pathway and mechanism of phosphatidylserine biosynthesis. In animal cells, it is still not known whether phosphatidylserine in mitochondria is exclusively of microsomal origin, being transported into mitochondria by cytoplasmic transfer proteins, or whether this phospholipid is formed inside mitochondria by an ATP-dependent process. The mechanism of this process is still uncertain and its physiological significance is not clear. The occurrence of phosphatidylserine transfer proteins in the intermembranous space of mitochondria is also unknown.
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