Abstract
Quaternary bases, for example glycine-betaine, are difficult to quantify in biological materials because of a lack of specifity. However, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) can determine quaternary bases even in the presence of high water concentrations. Using NMR concentrations of glycine-betaine, the posterior adductor muscle of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis were measured up to 256 μmole/g dry weight. These concentrations were related to external salinity concentrations. The biosynthesis of glycine-betaine was demonstrated in M. galloprovincialis from the precursor 14C choline.
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