Biosynthesis and characterizations of silver nanoparticles by using green banana peel extract: Evaluation of their antibacterial and electrical performances

Abstract

Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) hold tremendous promise in nano-bioscience, with applications spanning engineering, science, and industry. This study delves into their fabrication process, crystallographic characteristics, and nanostructures. Employing green banana peel extract (GBPE), Ag NPs were synthesized. Various analytical techniques, such as UV–Vis absorption spectrophotometry (UV), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) elucidate their attributes. UV–visible analysis reveals a 413 nm absorption band due to surface plasmon resonance. The Ag NPs exhibit a face-centered cubic structure with an average crystallite size of 45.87 nm. Lattice parameters and dislocation density are also determined. When tested against harmful bacteria, such as E. coli and S. epidermidis, advanced microscopy reveals a median size of particles of 55.12 nm and demonstrates their antibacterial characteristics. These environmentally benign Ag NPs also improve the efficiency of bio-electrochemical cells (BECs), opening the door to large-scale manufacturing at a reasonable cost and broadening the range of possible uses.