Biosynthesis and application of Ag/bone nanocomposite for the hydration of cyanamides in Myrica gale L. extract as a green solvent

Abstract

This study focuses on the green synthesis of the Ag/bone nanocomposite by using Myrica gale L. aqueous extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent and investigation of its catalytic activity in the hydration of cyanamides under environmentally benign reaction conditions in aqueous extract as a green solvent without use of toxic and hazardous chemicals. The green synthesized Ag/bone nanocomposite was characterized by various analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), elemental mapping, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The advantages of this system include the use of green catalyst, benign reaction conditions without use of expensive and hazardous materials, easy work up, reusability of the catalyst and excellent yield of the products. The Ag/bone nanocomposite can be recovered and recycled several times without significant loss of activity.