Abstract

Biosurfactants are powerful surface active agents synthesized essentially by microbes. They have interesting properties such as biodegradability, less toxicity and stability at extremes of pH, temperature and salinity. Their diverse structures along with superior properties qualify them as potential candidates for application in food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, agricultural and environmental industries. The current chapter discusses the salient features of two important biosurfactants, lipopeptides and rhamnolipids, and their use in the lab-scale remediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals and hydrocarbons.

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