Abstract
The oil industry is responsible for the contamination of vast areas of soil and sea. Although crude oil spills in the environment have a huge visual appeal, it is the daily contamination, by diary activities involving oil exploration, transportation and refining that causes more damage to the environment. Bioremediation technologies, especially the use of biosurfactant molecules, have been shown to be more efficient than other traditional technologies. The objective of this research was to analyze the characteristics of the biosurfactants molecules produced by Pseudomonas putida AM-b1 strain and to evaluate their application in the remediation of environments contaminated by crude oil. The AM-b1 strain isolated from the marine environment, in an area contaminated by hydrocarbons, was evaluated in relation to biosurfactant production with different oils as carbon sources, as well as its emulsification action on crude oil by microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) experiment. The laboratory results showed that the strain’s biosurfactant maintains its emulsification action even under variations in conditions, such as pH, high concentrations of NaCl, previous exposure to ultraviolet radiation and autoclaving processes. In addition, the MEOR experiments showed that the P. putida strain’s biosurfactant has the potential to be used in oil recovery.
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