Abstract
Potentially toxic trace elements, such as zinc, with high levels in water are very serious problems in many places around the world, sometimes in relation to natural sources and in other cases to anthropogenic ones. Adsorption process is among the most effective techniques for removing of many heavy metal ions from different types of water. In this study, an attempt has been made to investigate the efficiency of Calotropis procera roots (CP) in removing of Zn(II) from aqueous solution by using batch mode technique. During the removal process, the effects of solution pH, Zn concentrations and contact time on adsorption efficiency by CP roots were studied. Experimental equilibrium data were analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The results showed that the best fit was achieved with the Langmuir isotherm equation with maximum adsorption capacity of 9.69 mg/g. The biosorption of Zn(II) was a fast process and followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic.
Highlights
Global developments directed towards making human life increasing comfortable have greatly increased industrialization and urbanization
Observation under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) in Figure 1 shows that grains of Calotropis procera roots (CP) roots have amorphous structures; they are agglomerated in balls of different sizes, which can have cavities inside
The FTIR Spectra of Calotropis procera roots, in the range of 400 - 4000 cm−1 was taken to confirm the presence of functional groups that might be responsible for the biosorption process
Summary
Global developments directed towards making human life increasing comfortable have greatly increased industrialization and urbanization This trend has damaged the environment alarmingly, mainly due to the generation of a large amount of hazardous waste and the pollution of usable surface water. These metals accumulate in living tissues/organs and can cause accumulative poisoning and serious health problems such as cancer and brain damage [1]. Biosorption as a wastewater bioremediation process has been found to be an economically feasible alternative for metal removal This method offers the advantages of low operating cost, minimizing secondary pollution and high efficiency in wastes [2] [3]. Non-living biomass is not affected by the toxicity of the metal ions, and they can be subjected to different chemical and physical treatment techniques to enhance their performance
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