Biosorption of copper (II) ion using chitosan nanoparticles/alginate/carboxymethyl cellulose/novel hydroxyapatite biocomposite from aqueous solution

Abstract

The aim of the current study was to develop a quaternary biocomposite for the elimination of the copper from aqueous solution using chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs), sodium alginate (AL), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and hydroxyapatite (HAP) from fish bones. FTIR, XRD, and SEM techniques were used to examine the generated biocomposite to determine its formation, physical state, and surface morphology. The presence of the respective functional groups of the biocomposite from FTIR is confirmed by the distinctive bands of varied ranges. XRD and SEM studies confirmed the amorphous nature and rough morphology suitable for adsorption process. By adjusting the parameters such as pH (from 3 to 9; optimum pH =6), adsorbent dose (from 0.1 to 0.5 g; optimum dose = 0.5 g), contact time (from 60 to 300 min; optimum time = 300 min), and initial concentration, a batch adsorption study was conducted to remove the copper metal ion. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to assess the data. Freundlich isotherm model had a better fit with an R2 value of 0.9984 than Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9357). The pseudo second order kinetic model more closely matches the experimental kinetic data than the pseudo first order kinetic model. The results demonstrate that the biocomposite of CS-NPs/AL/CMC/HAP + O-vanillin crosslinked has a good ability to remove Cu (II) metal ion from aqueous solution.