Abstract
PurposeOrganomineral fertilizers formulated from different organic sources have been studied for the fertilization of several crops. Filter cake is currently one of the most used sources of organic matter; however, sewage sludge also presents characteristics of agronomic interest, being one of the major environmental problems in Brazil. In this sense, the efficiency of pelletized organomineral fertilizers produced with both sources were evaluated for the development of soybean under different fertilization levels.MethodsThe experiment was carried out in greenhouse conditions. The soil was characterized as Red Eutrophic Oxisol. The experimental design was randomized block design in a 2 × 4 + 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to two sources of organic matter (sugarcane filter cake and treated sewage sludge), in four doses (50, 75, 100 and 125% of recommendation for soybean cultivation), as well as a mineral fertilization and no-fertilization treatments. The plant development was evaluated (stem diameter, plant height and chlorophylls a and b) at 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing.ResultsOrganomineral fertilizers formulated from sanitized sewage sludge or sugarcane filter cake promote a higher soybean plant height in relation to mineral fertilizer, especially after the middle of the crop cycle. The level of fertilization referring to 75% of the recommended dose for soybean, when made with sanitized sewage sludge or filter cake, resulted in large stem diameter in relation to mineral fertilization.ConclusionOrganomineral fertilizers based on sanitized sewage sludge or filter cake promote increases in soybean characteristics up to 90 days.
Highlights
The dependence upon and need for fertilizer importation are becoming greater with the expansion of cultivated areas and the constant growth of Brazilian exports of agricultural products
No differences were observed between the sewage sludge and the sugarcane filter cake sources related to the soybean biometric characteristics or chlorophylls (Table 4)
The sugarcane filter cake source has some advantages in relation to treated sewage sludge, since filter cakes from sugarcane mills are more available in many regions of Brazil
Summary
The dependence upon and need for fertilizer importation are becoming greater with the expansion of cultivated areas and the constant growth of Brazilian exports of agricultural products. Imports of primary materials for fertilizers composition reached about 24,500 thousand tons in 2016, indicating an increase of 16.1% compared to the preceding year. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were recorded to increase their prices by 32.9, 14.4 and 6%, respectively (ANDA 2016).the research for fertilizers that are economically viable, agronomically efficient and that take environmental liabilities in their composition must be stimulated. An organomineral fertilizer is defined as the product from the physical combination of mineral fertilizers and organic products such as environmental liabilities. International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture (2019) 8:131–137 environmental liabilities are organic sources from sanitized, or treated, sewage sludge, which is one of the most promising materials to be an organomineral fertilizer component. There are other organic sources such as filter cakes, peat and poultry bed that can be used in the formulations of biofertilizers (Tandon 1999; Binder et al 2002; Amuda et al 2008)
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