Abstract
Foodborne disease caused by foodborne pathogens is a very important issue in food safety. Therefore, the rapid screening and sensitive detection of foodborne pathogens is of great significance for ensuring food safety. At present, many research works have reported the application of biosensors and signal amplification technologies to achieve the rapid and sensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria. Thus, this review summarized the use of biosensors coupled with signal amplification technology for the detection of pathogenic bacteria, including (1) the development, concept, and principle of biosensors; (2) types of biosensors, such as electrochemical biosensors, optical biosensors, microfluidic biosensors, and so on; and (3) different kinds of signal amplification technologies applied in biosensors, such as enzyme catalysis, nucleic acid chain reaction, biotin-streptavidin, click chemistry, cascade reaction, nanomaterials, and so on. In addition, the challenges and future trends for pathogenic bacteria based on biosensor and signal amplification technology were also discussed and summarized.
Highlights
Introduction the Detection of Pathogenic BacteriaIn recent years, foodborne disease has become the most important food safety issue worldwide; it poses a global threat to human beings
The results showed that the cascade reaction method based on urease catalysis allowed the detection of 1.21 × 102 CFU/mL of S. typhimurium with the naked eye, while concentration as low as 1.21 × 101 CFU/mL could be detected by absorbance measurement
The early screening of foodborne pathogens is of great significance for food safety
Summary
Foodborne disease has become the most important food safety issue worldwide; it poses a global threat to human beings. The development of rapid technology to achieve the early screening of pathogenic bacteria will effectively reduce the occurrence of foodborne diseases, and this has significant value for practical applications in food safety. As the current gold standard for pathogenic bacteria detection, has the advantages of simple equipment, a low cost, easy operation, and high accuracy [7] This method cannot meet the requirements of rapid and on-site detection because it needs a long time (more than 24 h or even a week) and complex operation in laboratory. With its advantages of higher sensitivity and a shorter detection time, the PCR and LAMP are increasingly recommended for pathogenic bacteria detection [8,9,10], but its further application has been limited due to the shortcomings of the expensive equipment required, complex nucleic acid extraction process, and false positive results caused by aerosol pollution. Biosensors, as emerging technologies, have received widespread attention, providing the benefits of highly selective, reliable, and rapid pathogenic detection
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