Abstract
It is known that the development of phase-detecting surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors is impeded by the loss of information due to total photon to surface plasmon polariton transformation at resonance. In this work, a Kretschmann biosensor based on gain-assisted surface plasmon polariton (SPP) amplifier was investigated with analytical and numerical methods. It was found that the gain-assisted SPP amplifying biosensor (SPAB) generated a single emission mode accompanied by a sharp phase jump in the optimal gain condition. The emission wavelength and the phase jump shifted according to the refractive index unit (RIU) change of the analyte. Thus, the SPR phase can be retrieved with unprecedented accuracy and refractive index resolution (RIR) of 1.1×10−11RIU is feasible. Its figure of merit (FOM) for biosensing also attains 1.5×107RIU−1. The predicted RIR and FOM are two orders of magnitude over existing SPR sensors.
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