Biosafety, Biosecurity, and Bioethics Governance in Synthetic Biology: The “7P” Approach

Abstract

While recognizing the importance of synthetic biology as an emerging field within science and technology, as well as its potential benefits toward economic growth, public health, energy, and the environment, this article argues that the biorisks involved from a biosafety, biosecurity, and bioethics perspective need to be addressed. To do so, a comprehensive approach combining the two standard aspects of biorisk management—biosafety and biosecurity—and a third key aspect, bioethics, is proposed. Secondly, coming from a governance perspective, the challenge of “how best to govern” such risk is raised. As such the “7P” approach that defines seven key intervention points (Principal Investigator, Project, Premises, Provider, Purchaser, Public, and Publisher) among stakeholders to address the governance of synthetic biology is introduced. Within these intervention points, the opportunities at each stage for several key activities, including raising awareness, implementing education and training, establishing guidelines, and promoting codes of conduct in relation to national laws and regulations as well as international treaties, are highlighted.