Abstract
The development of novel synthetic routes to produce bioactive compounds starting from renewable sources has become an important research area in organic and medicinal chemistry. Here, we present a low-cost procedure for the tunable and selective conversion of biomass-produced furfural to cyclopentenone derivatives using a mixture of choline chloride and urea as a biorenewable deep eutectic solvent (DES). The proposed medium is a nontoxic, biodegradable, and could be reused up to four times without any unfavorable effect on the reaction yield. The process is tunable, clean, cheap, simple and scalable and meets most of the criteria; therefore, it can be considered as an environmental sustainable process in a natural reaction medium.
Highlights
In recent years, green chemistry has gained a great deal of attention, due to its ability to provide new processes that minimize the use or generation of harmful substances, focusing the attention on the use of cheap, renewable, and environmentally safe starting materials
The effect of these different ChCl-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) in order to optimize the reaction conditions. The effect of these media on the system furfural/morpholine was studied performing the reaction in the DES formed by media on the system furfural/morpholine was studied performing the reaction in the DES formed by
No reaction was observed at room temperature, evidence that the system could work well was registered when the same reaction was performed at evidence that the system could work well was registered when the same reaction was performed at other ChCl-based DESs were examined as media of the reaction
Summary
Green chemistry has gained a great deal of attention, due to its ability to provide new processes that minimize the use or generation of harmful substances, focusing the attention on the use of cheap, renewable, and environmentally safe starting materials. In this regard, bio-based materials have attracted many attentions in the last two decades; a list of top value added chemicals from biomass has been drafted by the U.S Department of Energy. This five-membered ring structure is found in many compounds used in the perfumery industry, such as dihydrojasmones 3 and cis-jasmones 4, as well as in biologically active compounds, including rethrolones 5 employed in the synthesis of pyrethrines, prostanoids, methylenomycins (Figure 1) [8,9,10]
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