Abstract
This study was focused on biotreatment of soil which polluted by petroleum compounds (Diesel) which caused serious environmental problems. One of the most effective and promising ways to treat diesel-contaminated soil is bioremediation. It is a choice that offers the potential to destroy harmful pollutants using biological activity. The capability of mixed bacterial culture was examined to remediate the diesel-contaminated soil in bio piling system. For fast ex-situ treatment of diesel-contaminated soils, the bio pile system was selected. Two pilot scale bio piles (25 kg soil each) were constructed containing soils contaminated with approximately 2140 mg/kg total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs). The amended soil: (contaminated soil with the addition of nutrients and bacterial inoculum), where the soil was mixed with 1.5% of sawdust, then supplied with the necessary nutrients and watered daily to provide conditions promoting microorganism growth. Unamended soil was prepared as a control (contaminated soil without addition). Both systems were equipped with oxygen to provide aerobic conditions, incubated at atmospheric temperature and weekly sampling within 35 days. Overall 75% of the total petroleum hydrocarbons were removed from the amended soil and 38 % of the control soil at the end of study period.
 The study concluded that ex-situ experiment (Bio pile) is a preferable, economical, and environmentally friendly procedure, thus representing a good option for the treatment of soil contaminated with diesel.
Highlights
Oil pollution accidents had become a universal phenomenon and have caused serious environmental problems, such as the introduction of toxic compounds in food sources and changes in physical and chemical properties of the soil [1]
Bioremediation is a successful procedure for cleaning up polluted sites by petroleum compounds because it is applicable to large areas, leads to the full removal of the contaminants, and cost-effective [4]
The present study showed that the ex-situ bioremediation of diesel-polluted soil performed under aerobic conditions has shown to be an effective remediation method for hydrocarbons contaminated soils
Summary
Oil pollution accidents had become a universal phenomenon and have caused serious environmental problems, such as the introduction of toxic compounds in food sources and changes in physical and chemical properties of the soil [1]. Soil pollution with oil products is a permanent problem, and diesel is a common product for distillation of crude oil with a very complex composition. It consists mainly of low molecular weight alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) [2]. Bioremediation is a successful procedure for cleaning up polluted sites by petroleum compounds because it is applicable to large areas, leads to the full removal of the contaminants, and cost-effective [4]. It can be defined as the conversion of toxic and chemically
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