Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa is one of the dominant algae in the “phytoplankton bloom” phenomenon. A high density of microcystins (MCs) are produced when algae have explosive growth, which can damage the water environment and pose a great threat to aquatic animals, plants, and human health. Duckweed (Landoltia punctata) is a morphologically highly degraded flowering plant with a short growth cycle and wide environmental adaptability. Importantly, duckweed can grow in eutrophic water and has great potential in water remediation. The present study aims to analyze the physiological and biochemical changes of L. punctata when co-culturing with M. aeruginosa in the laboratory. Our results showed that all the biomass, chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activities, and amylase activity of L. punctata increased in 2 × 108 cells/L and 4 × 108 cells/L for M. aeruginosa, and also significantly reduced in 1.6 × 109 cells/L for M. aeruginosa, while cytotoxic substance (malondialdehyde (MDA)) content showed a completely opposite trend. After co-culturing, it was found that the MC content in L. punctata reduced to 138.87 g/g, and the MC removal rate was 29.48%. These results indicate that L. punctata can grow normally in high-density M. aeruginosa, which paves the way for L. punctata’s bioremediation of water polluted by M. aeruginosa.
Highlights
Over the years, the intensification of surface water eutrophication has become the most important problem of water quality worldwide [1]
Our results show that L. punctate can significantly reduce the content of MCs, total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) water polluted by M. aeruginosa, which could provide experimental basis for water remediation through the application of L. punctate
Chen et al [19] found that L. punctata has a good repair effect on eutrophic water, little
Summary
The intensification of surface water eutrophication has become the most important problem of water quality worldwide [1]. One of the numerous consequences of this process is the increase of algae in their frequency and biomass. Among bloom-forming algae, M. aeruginosa is one of the most intensively studied species [2]. During the growth process of M. aeruginosa, a large amount of microcystins (MCs) is generated, which poses a serious threat to the ecological environment. Various methods are used to counteract algae blooms and their consequences, including physical repair, chemical control, and bioremediation. Due to the inexpensive and high-efficiency features on water remediation, the chemical method is prevalently utilized in practice. It has certain limitations and causes secondary pollution to the water environment. Phytoremediation, a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method, is of great interest [3,4]
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