Abstract
ABSTRACT The bioremediation of chromate and tannic acid in synthetic tannery wastewater was studied in a batch culture system using free and immobilized spores and mycelia of A. niger and A. parasiticus. Significant (p< .001) decreases in total dissolved solids (TDS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), Cr(VI), and tannic acid concentrations were observed in cultures of both fungi after 96 h of growth. The A. niger culture medium had significantly lower TDS (p< .001), BOD, and tannic acid concentration (p< .05) compared to that of A. parasiticus. Immobilization of both spores and mycelia of the two fungi on Ca-alginate resulted in significantly (p< .05–.001) lower residual Cr(VI) concentrations within 24 h hydraulic retention time (HRT). Chromate removal increased significantly (p< .05) as the number of beads of immobilized spore/mycelia increased from 10 to 100; the increase in Cr(VI) removal ranging from 40.3% to 47.9% with 10 beads and 97.4% to 98.6% with 100 beads. Similarly, tannic acid removal by spores and mycelia of the fungi was significantly (p< .05) enhanced by immobilization. Repeated use of the alginate entrapped spores/mycelia of both fungi up to 3 cycles of 72-h HRT showed no significant change in their ability to carryout Cr(VI) removal.
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