Abstract
THE OBJECTIVE of the present study was to compare between free and immbolized bacterial cultuer/s in bioremediation of heavy metals and dyes to reduce environmental pollutants with the help of biological entities. The bacterial consortium consisting of Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Rhizobium radiobacter, and Bacillus subtilis was developed due to capabilities of the three bacterial species to remove heavy metals from industrial waste water and decolorize methyl orange and Congo red textile azo dyes than their corresponding single cultures. The immobilization of bacterial consortium on Ca-alginate increased its heavy metals removal efficiency more than 10% compared to consortium of free cells after 4 days. Also, decolorization ability of immobilized consortium was conducted for shorter time and higher concentrations of dyes than that of free one. The greater efficiency of immobilized consortium than free single culture may be correlated to synergistic activity of different metabolites of bacterial cultures and protection of cells from toxic pollutants that provided by Ca-alginate matrices which promoting an efficient bio-treatment of industrial effluents containing dyes and heavy metals.
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