Biorefining of filter tea factory by‐products: Classical and ultrasound‐assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from wild apple fruit dust

Abstract

AbstractIn this study, two methods of extraction (classical and ultrasound assisted) have been applied to utilize the wild apple fruit dust‐by product from a filter tea factory. According to the results obtained, the total phenols content in the wild apple fruit dust ranged from 777.003 to 1,148.030 mg GAE/100 g of investigated material. These results indicate the high potential for utilization of wild apple fruit dust in terms of extraction and production of extracts with a high concentration of phenolic constituents. For optimization of a more efficient method of extraction, in this case ultrasound‐assisted, a response surface methodology was applied. Temperature and time interaction proved to be the most dominant and highly significant factor for the extraction of total phenolics from this kind of raw material. On the other hand, linear terms of temperature and the interaction of time and ultrasonic power had a significant effect on the extraction of total flavonoids. The antioxidant activity of the extracts obtained was particularly high: in the range of .0211 to .0279 mg/mL.Practical applicationsThis is a new manuscript exploring possibility of utilization of wild apple by‐product/waste (“apple fruit dust”) obtained during the production of fruit filter tea in filter tea industry. Possibility of wild apple dust biorefining was observed through investigation of classical (CE) and ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE). Based on results of extraction yield, and extracted total phenols and total flavonoids, obtained in CE, most favorable extraction solvent was selected for further processing. Results are presenting a great value of such new by‐products (much higher in comparison to those well presented in literature) and also advantage of used and investigated extraction techniques which could be used for its processing.