Bi-Orbital States in Hyperbolic Traps

Abstract

We consider a charge in a general electromagnetic trap near a hyperbolic stationary point. The two-dimensional trap Hamiltonian is the sum of a hyperbolic harmonic part and higher order anharmonic corrections. We suppose that two frequencies of the harmonic part are under the resonance 1 : (−1). In this case, anharmonic terms define the dynamics and an effective Hamiltonian on the space of motion constants of the ideal harmonic operator. We show that if the anharmonic part is symmetric, then the effective Hamiltonian has unstable equilibriums and separatrix, which define distinct classically allowed regions in the space of motion constants of the ideal trap. The corresponding stationary states of the trapped charge can form bi-orbital states, i.e., a state localized on two distinct classical trajectories. We obtain semiclassical asymptotics of the energy splitting corresponding to the charge tunneling between these two trajectories in the phase space and express it in terms of complex instantons.