Bioplastic biodegradation activity of anaerobic sludge prepared by preincubation at 55 °C for new anaerobic biodegradation test

Abstract

The new method to evaluate the anaerobic biodegradability of bioplastics, such as polycaprolactone (PCL) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA), under aquatic (slurry) conditions at 55 °C is applying. For this method, we prepared the sludge at 55 °C from the sludge at 37 °C by the method in which the sludge from the real tank operating at around 37 °C using cow manure and vegetable waste as the feed stock was preincubated at 55 °C. It was unknown at which stage the sludge during preincubation has the optimized anaerobic biodegradation activity of plastics. Four different stage sludges during preincubation (the sludge at 7 days after the start of preincubation at 55 °C, at 12 days, at 18 days, and at 40 days) were compared by the anaerobic biodegradation activity of PLA. The preincubated sludge at around 18 days (a gradual decrease in biogas evolution and a methane ratio over 60%) showed the highest biodegradation activity of PLA. In addition, the bacterial population in each sludge was analyzed by the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of the amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments, however, the newly grown bacteria bands at 55 °C were not clearly detected.