Biophysical properties of the aorta in patients with Marfan syndrome and related connective tissue disorders: evaluation with MRI and computational fluid dynamics modeling

Abstract

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biophysical properties of the aorta in patients with Marfan Syndrome or Loeys-Dietz Syndrome using MRI and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. Background Patients with Marfan Syndrome and related disorders have abnormal wall properties throughout the thoracic aorta including low distensibility in areas that eventually dilate. CFD modeling based on MRI data can be used to quantify distensibility and indices such as velocity and wall shear stress (WSS) throughout the cardiac cycle and for the entire thoracic aorta. We sought to use cardiac MRI and CFD modeling to evaluate the distensibility and indices of WSS in the aorta of patients with Marfan Syndrome and related disorders compared to age- and gender-matched controls. Methods Patients with Marfan Syndrome or a related disorder and no history of surgery who underwent a recent MRI were identified (n=6; 5 Marfan, 1 Loeys-Dietz). After measuring blood pressure, aortic wall dimensions and distensibility were calculated off-line by two independent observers at 3 locations: ascending aorta (AAo), thoracic descending aorta (DAoT), and descending aorta at the level of the diaphragm (DAoD). CFD simulations were performed using a stabilized finite element solver and incorporated downstream vascular resistance and compliance CFD models to quantify time-averaged WSS (TAWSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI) throughout the aorta. Results