Biopharmacological studies of the aqueous extract of Lepidium sativum seeds in alloxan - induced diabetes in rats

Shahbaa M Al-Khazraji

doi:10.30539/iraqijvm.v36i0e.410

Abstract

Garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds are considered extensively in the folk medicine as anantidiabetic agent in many countries. The current investigations focuses attention on theglucose and lipid lowering effect of the aqueous extract of L. sativum seeds on experimentally induced diabetes in rats. The biochemical parameters studied were plasma glucose, insulin, totalcholesterol,triglycerides,phospholipids,hemoglobin, and glycosylated hemoglobin.In addition body weight and renal glucose reabsorption were notified. Aqueous extract of L. sativum were orally administered daily for 30 days in a dose of 20 mg / kg body weight to alloxan – diabetic rats , and a significant reduction in the parameters measured was investigated compared to diabetic rats. Meanwhile, Glibinclamide was used as standard reference drug. In cznclusion , L. sativum seeds possess a hypoglycaemic with concurrent hypolipidemic effect in diabetic states , and may further suggests thatL. Sativum may be useful in the therapy andmanagements of diabetic hyperlipidemia through reducing lipids levels .

Highlights

Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome resulting from variable interactions of heridatory and environmental factors, and characterized by depleted insulin secretion, hyperglycaemia, and altered metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, and damage of Beta – cells of pancreas, with increased risk of complication of vascular disease (1)
There was significant elevation in blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobinlevels, while the plasma insulin and total haemoglobin levels decreased significantly in alloxan diabetic rats when compared with normal rats
Administration ofL. sativumseeds and glibiclamide tends to bring the parameters significantly towards the normal .In diabetic rats, there is significant changes in body weight, and the urine sugar, since urine containing sugar were noticed ( +++ ), but treatment with 20 mg /kg body weight of aqueous extract of L. sativum seeds caused decreasement in urine sugar ( + ), these effects were compared to glibinclamide, see Table - 2.Table -3 shows the level of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids in the plasma of control and experimental rats, Diabetic rats showed significantly increase levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids when compared with normal rats

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome resulting from variable interactions of heridatory and environmental factors, and characterized by depleted insulin secretion, hyperglycaemia, and altered metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, and damage of Beta – cells of pancreas, with increased risk of complication of vascular disease (1). A number of pharmacological and chemical agents act as diabetogenic and produce variety of diabetic complication. Alloxan induction of diabetes in experimental models widely used to study glycaemic and lipidemic changes in plasma. Many species of plants and herbs are known to act as anti – diabetic agents, but only few of them have been investigated ( 2 ). It is wellknown culinary herb and the leaves are widely used as a garnish and are consumed raw insalads. The plant is known to posses varied medical properties, leaves of this plant are diuretic and gently stimulant. The seeds are aperient, diuretic, tonic, demulcent, aphrodisiac, carminative, galactogogue and emmenagogue (3). The seeds are rubefacient and are appliedas poultice for hurts and sprains (4). The plant shows teratogenic effect and anti – ovulatory properties. The root is used in the treatment of secondary syphilis and tenesmus (5)

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