Abstract
In this study, two different algal biomass types, including fresh algal biomass (HS) and dewatered algal biomass (TH and CH), were selected to explore the effects of their properties and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) reaction parameters on bio-oil yields and quality. The obtained results showed higher bio-oil yields through the HTL process of the HS algal biomass than those obtained from the TH and CH algal biomass. The observed bio-oil yields increasing-decreasing trends with increasing reaction temperatures and times. The optimal reaction temperature and time were 325 °C and 30 min, respectively. These conditions resulted in HS, TH, and CH algal biomass bio-oil yields of 31.6, 24.2, and 14.4 wt%, respectively. The HS algal biomass-derived bio-oil exhibited higher H/C ratios and HHV values, as well as lower N/C ratios, than those of the dewatered algal biomass-derived bio-oils. The bio-oil composition results demonstrated the enhancement effects of flocculant additions to the dewatered algal biomass on the bio-oil fractions. The TH and CH algal biomass-derived bio-oils exhibited substantially higher hydrocarbon contents than those in bio-oils of the HS algal biomass. In addition, the nitrogenous compound and hydrocarbon contents exhibited decreasing and increasing trends, respectively, with increasing reaction temperatures from 275 to 325 °C, improving the bio-oil quality.
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