BIONIC PRINCIPLES OF ARCHITECTURAL AND PLANNING ORGANIZATION OF URBAN UNDERGROUND SPACES

Abstract

The article analyzes bionic principles that are appropriate for use in the formation of an architectural environment, and takes into account the specifics of designing underground spaces using optimal connections and regularities used in nature. Was formulated the means of applying bionics and biomorphic structures in the formation of interiors and the similarity of residential buildings in the animal world in the development of functional connections of underground spaces. The safety of life activities when developing underground spaces as housing studied for the discomfort of being in a closed environment. The locality of using underground layers under buildings and structures does not solve the problem of complex underground communication and solving the problems of critical environmental. In the course of studying the principles of formation of a harmonious safe environment by representatives of flora and fauna, bionic principles of architectural and planning organization of urban underground spaces divided into two groups: technical and aesthetic. 
 Technical principles that ensure the optimal functioning of the structure of the underground object: the principle of compactness; effective use of the landscape consists, creation of an artificial landscape; use of external energy sources; the principle of modularity, mobility, transformation, universality. 
 Aesthetic principles of shaping the underground space, its configuration and decoration: the principle of proportioning, aesthetic integrity of the underground space, compensation for the absence of flora; principles of formation of natural color architectural space; integral principles of object fractality. 
 The principle of potential development is aimed at identifying possible prospects for development, it includes a program for further modeling of the form, creation of an ultra-modern space, interactive, virtual, adaptive.