Abstract
Nine species of helophytes are described using a systematic approach: Alisma plantago-aquatica, Butomus umbellatus, Sagittaria sagittifolia, Sparganium emersum, Glyceria maxima, Phragmites australis, Scirpus lacustris, Typha latifolia, and T. angustifolia. The species are divided into four groups according to their characteristics: monopodial rosette plants with a short rhizome, sympodial semirosellate plants with a short rhizome, sympodial semirosellate tuberous plants, and sympodial plants with a long rhizome. It is determined that seed individuals and vegetative descendants of polycarpic plants tend to become short-lived. This trend is implemented in different ways.
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