Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main cause of disability and mortality in individuals under the age of 45 years. Elucidation of the molecular and structural alterations in brain tissue due to TBI is crucial to understand secondary and long-term effects after traumatic brain injury, and to develop and apply the correct therapies. In the current study, the molecular effects of TBI were investigated in rat brain at 24 h and 1 month after the injury to determine acute and chronic effects, respectively by Fourier transform infrared imaging. This study reports the time-dependent contextual and structural effects of TBI on hippocampal brain tissue. A mild form of TBI was induced in 11-week old male Sprague Dawley rats by weight drop. Band area and intensity ratios, band frequency and bandwidth values of specific spectral bands showed that TBI causes significant structural and contextual global changes including decrease in carbonyl content, unsaturated lipid content, lipid acyl chain length, membrane lipid order, total protein content, lipid/protein ratio, besides increase in membrane fluidity with an altered protein secondary structure and metabolic activity in hippocampus 24 h after injury. However, improvement and/or recovery effects in these parameters were observed at one month after TBI.
Highlights
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main cause of disability and mortality in individuals under the age of 45 years
We found that total protein content was decreased in the 24-h TBI group, while there was an increase in the 1-month TBI group when compared to the control group (Figs. 2, 4)
Since lipid peroxidation mainly occurs at double-bond sites (C=C–C and C=O) of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the significant reduction in the amount of unsaturated lipids is due to loss of olefinic bonds[25]
Summary
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main cause of disability and mortality in individuals under the age of 45 years. Vibrational spectroscopic techniques including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and Raman spectroscopy enable quantitative analysis of alterations in biomolecules due to different factors, such as injury, disease state and environmental pollution, by calculating the intensity and/ or area of related absorption bands in the spectrum. For this aim, the examination of molecular and structural composition of tissues can be done in unfixed and fixed tissue sections without using additional chemical reagents, unlike traditional histological methods. Raman spectroscopy has been applied for measurements in different models of brain injury, such as from radiation[9], penetrating trauma[10], peripheral nerve injury[11] and focal T BI12
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
