Abstract
Biomineralization is a process in which organic matter and inorganic matter combine with each other under the regulation of living organisms. Because of the biomineralization-induced super survivability and retentivity, biomineralization has attracted special attention from biologists, archaeologists, chemists, and materials scientists for its tracer and transformation effect in rock evolution study and nanomaterials synthesis. However, controlling the biomineralization process in vitro as precisely as intricate biology systems still remains a challenge. In this review, the regulating roles of temperature, pH, and organics in biominerals forming process were reviewed. The artificially introducing and utilization of biomineralization, the bio-inspired synthesis of nanomaterials, in biomedical fields was further discussed, mainly in five potential fields: drug and cell-therapy engineering, cancer/tumor target engineering, bone tissue engineering, and other advanced biomedical engineering. This review might help other interdisciplinary researchers to bionic-manufacture biominerals in molecular-level for developing more applications of biomineralization.
Highlights
As a natural protective structure, biomineralization is a process in which organic matter and inorganic matter combine with each other under the regulation of living organisms [1].Biomineralized crystals are different from the regular structure and surface of artificial crystals.According to the growing environment, biomineralized crystals exhibit distinct physical and chemical characteristics, which are difficult to simulate and manufacture in vitro, while the biomineralization forming process is much similar
Biomineralization is a widespread phenomenon that leads to the formation of well-organized biominerals, which refers to the formation of inorganic minerals in organisms [3]
Under the target physiological microenvironment, the excellent photothermal properties enable BP to induce in situ biomineralization of the nanosheets, and further promote the local bone tissue regeneration to repair the damage that is caused by osteosarcoma, an aggressive malignant neoplasm
Summary
As a natural protective structure, biomineralization is a process in which organic matter and inorganic matter combine with each other under the regulation of living organisms [1]. As the development of image representation technology, the biomineralization forming mechanism has been found and defined, and their classification has been discussed in some review papers from different systems [2,3,4]. Biomineralization is a widespread phenomenon that leads to the formation of well-organized biominerals, which refers to the formation of inorganic minerals in organisms [3]. Studying the characteristics of biomineralization forming mechanism is helpful to the development and utilization of new nanomaterials, and helps to treat abnormal mineralization that is caused by the human body disease, such as osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypophosphatasia, kidney stones, and atherosclerosis. This review might help other interdisciplinary researchers to simulate, and bionic-manufacture biominerals in molecular-level for developing more applications for biomineralization
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
