Biomineralization associated alkaline phosphatase as a potential marker of bone metastasis in the patients with invasive breast cancer

Abstract

Breast Cancer is the most predominant form of cancer among women worldwide. It has been rigorously studied for biomarker identifications and therapeutic targets. However, various potential genes and their clinical relevance to breast cancer remain unexplored. The heterogeneity of breast cancer is one of the major challenges in early detection. Several studies have reported the significant role of alkaline phosphate (ALP) in the regulation of tumor growth and overall free survival in the pathogenesis of different cancer, including breast cancer which may offer unique therapeutic targets. Therefore, these findings demand a comprehensive study for the biogenesis of ALP genes. This study aims to expression profiling of alkaline phosphate genes in breast cancer and to identify the key pathways and molecular mechanisms underlying breast cancer proliferation and progression. In this study, the transcriptome profiling of invasive breast carcinoma samples was performed and analyzed. We identified that all the ALP genes were downregulated in both Invasive Lobular and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma patients. To understand the underlying molecular mechanism and the clinical significance for these genes in breast cancer, the expression values of genes were measured in adjacent normal and tumor tissues of patients followed by network analysis and functional enrichment analysis. The overall analysis revealed the highly aberrant expression of ALPL gene among all four ALP genes. We identified the functional significance of RUNX2 and WNT3A in deregulating ALPL. Therefore, our findings suggests that downregulation of ALPL could be a potential marker gene for invasive breast carcinoma progression towards bone metastasis.