Abstract
The high incidence of bone defect cases necessitates a rapid development of cost-effective bone tissue engineering approaches. Bone growth factors such as bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) play a vital role in bone tissue engineering. The osteoinductive efficacy of BMP-2 and other osteogenic growth factors is highly dependent on their dose and delivery mode. Slow and sustained delivery of a low dose of BMP-2 promotes bone defect healing. However, the burst release of a high dose of BMP-2 not only fails to promote bone healing but also causes adverse local and systemic effects. The biomimetic calcium phosphate (BioCaP) coating technique guarantees a slow, gradual, and local release of BMP-2 to mimic its natural release from the bone matrix under physiological conditions. Therefore, BioCaP coatings have long been regarded as a promising drug carrier for growth factors. In this mini-review, we give a brief introduction to BioCaP coatings regarding their preparation techniques, physicochemical properties, potential as a drug carrier, ability to suppress foreign body reactivity, and their preclinical application in ectopic and orthotopic models. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of BioCaP coatings are discussed.
Highlights
High incidence of bone loss resulting from trauma, infection, or disease is evidenced by more than 2 million bone grafts used in orthopedic procedures annually worldwide [1]
The results demonstrate an enhanced osteoinduction of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) liberated through the biomimetic coating
The merits of the biomimetic coating technique have broadened the potential of biomimetic calcium phosphate (BioCaP) coatings to serve as a suitable carrier for osteogenic drugs
Summary
Xingnan Lin 1,† , Jiping Chen 1,† , Ying Liao 2 , Janak Lal Pathak 3 , Huang Li 1, * and Yuelian Liu 4, *.
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